The minimum principle and the perception of absolute, common, and relative motions.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Wheel-generated motions have served as a touchstone for discussion of the perception of wholes and parts since the beginning of Gestalt psychology. The reason is that perceived common motions of the whole and the perceived relative motions of the parts are not obviously found in the absolute motion paths of points on a rolling wheel. In general, two types of theories have been proposed as to how common and relative motions are derived from absolute motions: one is that the common motions are extracted from the display first, leaving relative motions as the residual; the other is that relative motions are extracted first leaving common motions as the residual. A minimum principle can be used to defend both positions, but application of the principle seems contingent on the particular class of stimuli chosen. We propose a third view. It seems that there are at least two simultaneous processes-one for common motions and one for relative motions-involved in the perception of these and other stimuli and that a minimum principle is involved in both. However, for stimuli in many domains the minimization of relative motion dominates the perception. In general, we propose that any given stimulus can be organized to minimize the complexity of either its common motions or its relative motions; that which component is minimized depends on which of two processes reaches completion first (that for common or that for relative motions): and that the similarity of any two displays depends on whether common or relative motions are minimized.
منابع مشابه
Reproduction of Klunzinger Mullet, Liza klunzingeri , in coastal waters of Khuzestan Province (Persian Gulf)
Some reproduction characteristics of keeled mullet, Liza klunzingeri, were studied during Apr. 2003 to Feb. 2004 in Khuzestan waters of the Persian Gulf. A total of 836 samples were monthly collected from two fish landings of Bahrekan and Hendijan; 727 specimens were studied from point of sex determination, and 60 specimens were studied from the fecundity point of view. This species was found t...
متن کاملMinimum-Time Roll Around the Velocity-Vector Maneuver of Aircraft
In this paper, some results are provided for minimum time roll about velocity vector maneuvering with thrust-vectoring and aerodynamic control in effect. The mathematical model for attitude motions of the aircraft is developed. First order necessary conditions for optimality using Pontryagen principle is applied, and the existence of an extreme family of solutions for the maneuver is shown. Mul...
متن کاملMinimum-Time Roll Around the Velocity-Vector Maneuver of Aircraft
In this paper, some results are provided for minimum time roll about velocity vector maneuvering with thrust-vectoring and aerodynamic control in effect. The mathematical model for attitude motions of the aircraft is developed. First order necessary conditions for optimality using Pontryagen principle is applied, and the existence of an extreme family of solutions for the maneuver is shown. Mul...
متن کاملReproductive biology of Yellowfin Seabream Acanthopagrus latus in coastal waters of Hormozgan
Some reproductive biology features of Yellowfin Seabream Acanthopagrusl atus including gonadosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, sex ratio, macroscopic and microscopic survey of gonad development, frequency of different maturationstages and absolute and relative fecundity were investigated. Thirty fish per month were sampled during September 2011 to August 2012 in coastal waters of Hormozgan pr...
متن کاملReproduction of Klunzinger Mullet, Liza klunzingeri , in coastal waters of Khuzestan Province (Persian Gulf)
Some reproduction characteristics of keeled mullet, Liza klunzingeri, were studied during Apr. 2003 to Feb. 2004 in Khuzestan waters of the Persian Gulf. A total of 836 samples were monthly collected from two fish landings of Bahrekan and Hendijan; 727 specimens were studied from point of sex determination, and 60 specimens were studied from the fecundity point of view. This species was found ...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Cognitive psychology
دوره 14 2 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1982